Power-law rheology of isolated nuclei with deformation mapping of nuclear substructures.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Force-induced changes in genome expression as well as remodeling of nuclear architecture in development and disease motivate a deeper understanding of nuclear mechanics. Chromatin and green fluorescent protein-lamin B dynamics were visualized in a micropipette aspiration of isolated nuclei, and both were shown to contribute to viscoelastic properties of the somatic cell nucleus. Reversible swelling by almost 200% in volume, with changes in salt, demonstrates the resilience and large dilational capacity of the nuclear envelope, nucleoli, and chromatin. Swelling also proves an effective way to separate the mechanical contributions of nuclear elements. In unswollen nuclei, chromatin is a primary force-bearing element, whereas swollen nuclei are an order of magnitude softer, with the lamina sustaining much of the load. In both cases, nuclear deformability increases with time, scaling as a power law-thus lacking any characteristic timescale-when nuclei are either aspirated or indented by atomic force microscopy. The nucleus is stiff and resists distortion at short times, but it softens and deforms more readily at longer times. Such results indicate an essentially infinite spectrum of timescales for structural reorganization, with implications for regulating genome expression kinetics.
منابع مشابه
MODELING THE HOT DEFORMATION FLOW CURVES OF API X65 PIPELINE STEEL USING THE POWER LAW EQUATION
Till now, different constitutive models have been applied to model the hot deformation flow curves of different materials. In this research, the hot deformation flow stress of API X65 pipeline steel was modeled using the power law equation with strain dependent constants. The results was compared with the results of the other previously examined constitutive equations including the Arrhenius eq...
متن کاملPower-law rheology and mechano-sensing in a cytoskeleton model with forced protein unfolding
We describe a model of cytoskeletal mechanics based on the force-induced conformational change of protein cross-links in a stressed polymer network. Slow deformation of simulated networks containing cross-links that undergo repeated, serial domain unfolding leads to an unusual state—with many cross-links accumulating near the critical force for further unfolding. Thermal activation of these lin...
متن کاملMitigation of Potential Environmental Risks of Space Nuclear Power Sources (NPS) Missions in International Law
متن کامل
Deformation of a Capsule in a Power-Law Shear Flow
An immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method is developed for fluid-structure interactions involving non-Newtonian fluids (e.g., power-law fluid). In this method, the flexible structure (e.g., capsule) dynamics and the fluid dynamics are coupled by using the immersed boundary method. The incompressible viscous power-law fluid motion is obtained by solving the lattice Boltzmann equation. The no...
متن کاملEffects of Power-Law Distribution and Exponential with Uniform Pressures on Vibration Behavior of Reinforced Cylindrical Shell Made of Functionally Graded Materials under Symmetric Boundary Conditions
In this paper, the influence of the constituent volume fractions by changing the values of the power-law exponent with uniform pressure on the vibration frequencies of reinforced functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. The FGM shell with ring is developed in accordance to the volume fraction law from two constituents namely stainless steel and nickel. These constituents are graded th...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Biophysical journal
دوره 89 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005